Text of the provision
Art. 2230. In criminal offenses, exemplary damages as a part of the civil liability may be imposed when the crime was committed with one or more aggravating circumstances. Such damages are separate and distinct from fines and shall be paid to the offended party.
Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full; verified verbatim against the LawPhil and ChanRobles official-text renderings.
What this article means
In criminal offenses, exemplary damages may be imposed as part of the civil liability when the crime was committed with one or more aggravating circumstances — and are not recoverable by the offended party if he did not take part in the offense.
Questions about this provision
Related provisions
- Article 2229 — Exemplary Damages Defined.
- Article 2231 — Exemplary Damages in Quasi-Delicts.
Cases citing this article
- People of the Philippines vs. Renato Dadulla, G.R. No. 172321, February 9, 2011 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- People of the Philippines vs. Alvin Esugon y Avila, G.R. No. 195244, June 22, 2015 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- People of the Philippines vs. Rudy Nuyok, G.R. No. 195424, June 15, 2015 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- People of the Philippines vs. Bobby Belgay, G.R. No. 182794, September 8, 2014 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- People of the Philippines vs. Efren Laurio y Rosales, G.R. No. 182523, September 13, 2012 — read the decision on LawPhil →
Compiled automatically from Supreme Court decisions published on LawPhil that expressly cite this article, most frequently cited first. A listing means the decision cites the provision — it is not a statement that the case is the leading authority, and it does not show whether a ruling has since been modified or abandoned. Always read the decision itself.