Rule 130, Section 54 — Character evidence not generally admissible; exceptions

Text of the provision

Sec. 54. Character evidence not generally admissible; exceptions. — Evidence of a person's character or a trait of character is not admissible for the purpose of proving action in conformity therewith on a particular occasion, except: (a) In Criminal Cases: The character of the offended party may be proved if it tends to establish in any reasonable degree the probability or improbability of the offense charged. The accused may prove his or her good moral character [.] pertinent to the moral trait involved in the offense charged. However, the prosecution may not prove his or her bad moral character unless on rebuttal. (b) In Civil Cases: Evidence of the moral character of a party in a civil case is admissible only when pertinent to the issue of character involved in the case. (c) In Criminal and Civil Cases: Evidence of the good character of a witness is not admissible until such character has been impeached. In all cases in which evidence of character or a trait of character of a person is admissible, proof may be made by testimony as to reputation or by testimony in the form of an opinion. On cross-examination, inquiry is allowable into relevant specific instances of conduct. In cases in which character or a trait of character of a person is an essential element of a charge, claim or defense, proof may also be made of specific instances of that person's conduct. (51 a; 14, Rule 132)

2019 Revised Rules on Evidence (A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC), Rule 130, Section 54. Reproduced verbatim and verified against the Supreme Court's official published text and the ChanRobles rendering.