Text of the provision
Art. 452. The builder, planter or sower in bad faith is entitled to reimbursement for the necessary expenses of preservation of the land.
(n)
Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full; verified verbatim against the LawPhil and ChanRobles official-text renderings.
What this article means
Even a builder, planter, or sower in bad faith is entitled to reimbursement for the necessary expenses of preserving the land. Necessary expenses (those that keep the property from deteriorating) are refunded regardless of good or bad faith, because the owner would have had to spend them anyway.
Related provisions
- Article 451 — Landowner's Right to Damages.
- Article 453 — Bad Faith on Both Sides.
Cases interpreting this article
- Authorities on this article will be added here as each is verified against primary sources.
Note. The text of the provision above is reproduced in full from the official enactment (Republic Act No. 386), verified against the LawPhil and ChanRobles renderings. The annotation and commentary around it are the work of Vivas & Nobles Law Office and are general legal information, not legal advice. How a provision applies to a particular situation depends on facts that only a lawyer reviewing your case can assess.