Text of the provision

Art. 438. Hidden treasure belongs to the owner of the land, building, or other property on which it is found. Nevertheless, when the discovery is made on the property of another, or of the State or any of its subdivisions, and by chance, one-half thereof shall be allowed to the finder. If the finder is a trespasser, he shall not be entitled to any share of the treasure. If the things found be of interest to science or the arts, the State may acquire them at their just price, which shall be divided in conformity with the rule stated.

(351a)

Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full. The LawPhil and ChanRobles renderings differ here by a single word; the text above is the reading carried by two of the three sources, confirmed against the Official Gazette.

What this article means

Hidden treasure belongs to the owner of the land or building where it is found. If a stranger finds it by chance on someone else's property, half goes to the finder — but a trespasser gets nothing. Where the find is of interest to science or the arts, the State may buy it at a just price.

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Note. The text of the provision above is reproduced in full from the official enactment (Republic Act No. 386), verified against the LawPhil and ChanRobles renderings. The annotation and commentary around it are the work of Vivas & Nobles Law Office and are general legal information, not legal advice. How a provision applies to a particular situation depends on facts that only a lawyer reviewing your case can assess.