Text of the provision
Art. 1776. As to its object, a partnership is either universal or particular. As regards the liability of the partners, a partnership may be general or limited.
(1671a)
Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full; verified verbatim against the LawPhil and ChanRobles official-text renderings.
What this article means
As to object, a partnership is universal or particular; as to liability of partners, general or limited.
The two classifications in this article answer different questions and operate independently of each other, rather than describing a single spectrum of partnership types. Whether a partnership is universal or particular concerns what the partners contribute — the object of the partnership. Whether it is general or limited concerns something separate — how exposed each partner is to the partnership's debts. Because the two classifications cut across each other, a given partnership must be described along both axes at once; knowing only that a partnership is particular, for example, says nothing on its own about whether a partner's liability is general or limited.
Questions about this provision
- What is the difference between a universal partnership and a particular partnership?
- What is the difference between a general partnership and a limited partnership as regards the liability of the partners?
Related provisions
- Article 1775 — Secret Associations.
- Article 1777 — Universal Partnership.
Cases interpreting this article
- Authorities on this article will be added here as each is verified against primary sources.