Text of the provision

Sec. 2. Conclusive presumptions. — The following are instances of conclusive presumptions: (a) Whenever a party has, by his or her own declaration, act, or omission, intentionally and deliberately led another to believe a particular thing true, and to act upon such belief, he or she cannot, in any litigation arising out of such declaration, act or omission, be permitted to falsify it; and (b) The tenant is not permitted to deny the title of his or her landlord at the time of the commencement of the relation of landlord and tenant between them.

2019 Revised Rules on Evidence (A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC), Rule 131, Section 2. Reproduced verbatim and verified against the Supreme Court's official published text and the ChanRobles rendering.

About this section

This is Section 2 of Rule 131 (Burden Of Proof, Burden Of Evidence And Presumptions) of the 2019 Revised Rules on Evidence, the rules promulgated by the Supreme Court in A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC and in force since May 1, 2020. The text above is reproduced verbatim from the current rules.

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Note. The text above is reproduced in full from the 2019 Revised Rules on Evidence (A.M. No. 19-08-15-SC), verified against the Supreme Court's official publication and the ChanRobles rendering. The framing around it is general legal information, not legal advice. How a rule applies to a particular case depends on facts that only a lawyer reviewing your matter can assess.