Text of the provision
Art. 252. Meaning of duty to bargain collectively. The duty to bargain collectively means the performance of a mutual obligation to meet and convene promptly and expeditiously in good faith for the purpose of negotiating an agreement with respect to wages, hours of work and all other terms and conditions of employment including proposals for adjusting any grievances or questions arising under such agreement and executing a contract incorporating such agreements if requested by either party but such duty does not compel any party to agree to a proposal or to make any concession.
Labor Code of the Philippines, Presidential Decree No. 442, as amended. Reproduced in full from the official enactment and verified against the LawPhil and ChanRobles renderings.
What this article means
Bargaining collectively means a mutual obligation to meet promptly and in good faith to negotiate over wages, hours of work and all other terms and conditions of employment, including grievance proposals, and to sign a contract embodying what was agreed if either party asks. The duty does not force any party to agree to a proposal or to make a concession.
Questions about this provision
- Can we bring grievance procedures to the bargaining table, or only wages and hours?
- Is the company legally required to accept our wage proposal at the bargaining table?
- Management keeps postponing our bargaining meetings - are they breaking the law?
- We agreed on terms but the company will not sign the document - can we compel it?
Related provisions
- Article 251 — Duty To Bargain Collectively.
- Article 278 — Who This Title Covers.
A note on article numbers. The articles of the Labor Code have been administratively renumbered, so the same provision is often cited under a different number. Supreme Court decisions write both, in the form “Article 297 [282]” — the new number first, the original in brackets. The text on this page is published under its original number, which is the numbering both source texts use. When citing, check which numbering your source follows.
Cases interpreting this article
- Authorities on this article will be added here as each is verified against primary sources.