Text of the provision
Art. 228. Parental authority terminates permanently:
(1) Upon the death of the parents;
(2) Upon the death of the child; or
(3) Upon emancipation of the child.
(327a)
Family Code of the Philippines, Executive Order No. 209, approved July 6, 1987. The Code took effect on August 3, 1988 (Republic v. Orbecido III, G.R. No. 154380, October 5, 2005). Reproduced in full.
What this article means
Three events end parental authority permanently — it does not revive afterward: the death of the parents, the death of the child, or the emancipation of the child.
Emancipation now takes place upon reaching the age of majority, which Republic Act No. 6809 (1989) lowered to eighteen. That is why parental authority as a legal power normally ends at 18 — though certain support obligations continue beyond it. Contrast the revivable terminations in Article 229.
Related provisions
- Article 229 — terminations that may be revived by final judgment.
- Article 230 — suspension of parental authority.
Cases interpreting this article
- Authorities on Article 228 will be added here as each is verified against primary sources.