Text of the provision

Art. 1918. The principal is not liable for the expenses incurred by the agent in the following cases:

(1) If the agent acted in contravention of the principal's instructions, unless the latter should wish to avail himself of the benefits derived from the contract;

(2) When the expenses were due to the fault of the agent;

(3) When the agent incurred them with knowledge that an unfavorable result would ensue, if the principal was not aware thereof;

(4) When it was stipulated that the expenses would be borne by the agent, or that the latter would be allowed only a certain sum.

(n)

Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full; verified verbatim against the LawPhil and ChanRobles official-text renderings.

What this article means

The principal is not liable for the agent's expenses where the agent disobeyed instructions, was at fault, knew an unfavorable result would ensue, or where the parties stipulated the agent would bear them.

Related provisions

Cases interpreting this article

Note. The text of the provision above is reproduced in full from the official enactment (Republic Act No. 386), verified against the LawPhil and ChanRobles renderings. The annotation and commentary around it are the work of Vivas & Nobles Law Office and are general legal information, not legal advice. How a provision applies to a particular situation depends on facts that only a lawyer reviewing your case can assess.