Text of the provision
Art. 1443. No express trusts concerning an immovable or any interest therein may be proved by parol evidence.
Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full; verified verbatim against the LawPhil and ChanRobles official-text renderings.
What this article means
No express trust over an immovable (or an interest in it) may be proved by parol (oral) evidence — a writing is required for proof.
Related provisions
- Article 1442 — General Law of Trusts Adopted.
- Article 1444 — No Particular Words Needed.
Cases citing this article
- Lina Penalber vs. Quirino Ramos, et al, G.R. No. 178645, January 30, 2009 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- Irene Marcos-Araneta, et al. vs. Court of Appeals, et al, G.R. No. 154096, August 22, 2008 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- Prospero Ringor, et al. vs. Concordia Ringor, et al, G.R. No. 147863, August 13, 2004 — read the decision on LawPhil →
Compiled automatically from Supreme Court decisions published on LawPhil that expressly cite this article, most frequently cited first. A listing means the decision cites the provision — it is not a statement that the case is the leading authority, and it does not show whether a ruling has since been modified or abandoned. Always read the decision itself.