Text of the provision
Art. 1317. No one may contract in the name of another without being authorized by the latter, or unless he has by law a right to represent him. A contract entered into in the name of another by one who has no authority or legal representation, or who has acted beyond his powers, shall be unenforceable, unless it is ratified, expressly or impliedly, by the person on whose behalf it has been executed, before it is revoked by the other contracting party.
(1259a)
Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full; verified verbatim against the LawPhil and ChanRobles official-text renderings.
What this article means
No one may contract in another's name without authority or legal representation. A contract made by one without authority or beyond his powers is unenforceable unless ratified by the principal before the other party revokes it.
Related provisions
- Article 1316 — Real Contracts.
- Article 1318 — Essential Requisites of a Contract.
Cases citing this article
- Republic of the Philippines, Represented By the Regional Director of the Department of Education, Region II vs. Grelinda D. Espejo, et al, G.R. No. 225722, April 26, 2023 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- La Filipina Uy Gongco Corporation vs. Harbour Centre Port Terminal, Inc, G.R. No. 229490, March 1,2023 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- Guillerma S. Silva vs. Conchita S. Lo, G.R. No. 206667, June 23, 2021 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- San Miguel Foods, Inc. and James A. Vinoya vs. Ernesto Raoul V. Magtuto, G.R. No. 225007, July 24, 2019 — read the decision on LawPhil →
Compiled automatically from Supreme Court decisions published on LawPhil that expressly cite this article, most frequently cited first. A listing means the decision cites the provision — it is not a statement that the case is the leading authority, and it does not show whether a ruling has since been modified or abandoned. Always read the decision itself.