Text of the provision
Art. 1157. Obligations arise from:
(1) Law;
(2) Contracts;
(3) Quasi-contracts;
(4) Acts or omissions punished by law; and
(5) Quasi-delicts.
(1089a)
Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386, approved June 18, 1949, effective August 30, 1950. Reproduced in full; verified verbatim against the LawPhil and ChanRobles official-text renderings.
What this article means
Obligations arise from exactly five sources: law, contracts, quasi-contracts, delicts (acts punished by law), and quasi-delicts. Every obligation must trace to one of these; there is no obligation without a source recognized here.
Related provisions
- Article 1156 — Definition of an Obligation.
- Article 1158 — Obligations From Law.
Cases citing this article
- Benjamin T. De Leon, Jr. vs. Roqson Industrial Sales, Inc, G.R. No. 234329, November 23, 2021 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- People of the Philippines vs. Gerry Lipata y Ortiza, G.R. No. 200302, April 20, 2016 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- Perlita Rodriguez vs. Laura Elorde, G.R. No. 226859, November 4, 2024 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- People of the Philippines vs. Development Bank of the Philippines, G.R. No. 217417, August 7, 2023 — read the decision on LawPhil →
- People of the Philippines vs. Paul Anderson y Jeffrey, G.R. No. 225607, March 28, 2022 — read the decision on LawPhil →
Compiled automatically from Supreme Court decisions published on LawPhil that expressly cite this article, most frequently cited first. A listing means the decision cites the provision — it is not a statement that the case is the leading authority, and it does not show whether a ruling has since been modified or abandoned. Always read the decision itself.