Short answer. No. Article 905 makes every renunciation or compromise of a future legitime between the person owing it and his compulsory heirs void. Because your parents are still alive, your legitime is still a future one, and your renunciation cannot be enforced; you may still claim it upon their death.
What the law says
Every renunciation or compromise as regards a future legitime between the person owing it and his compulsory heirs is void, and the latter may claim the same upon the death of the former; but they must bring to collation whatever they may have received by virtue of the renunciation or compromise.
Civil Code, Article 905 — Renunciation Of Future Legitime. Read the full provision →
A renunciation signed before death is void
Article 905 states this without exception: every renunciation or compromise as regards a future legitime between the person owing it and his compulsory heirs is void. Your legitime, the portion of your parents' estate reserved for you by law as a compulsory heir, does not exist as a present, transferable right while your parents are alive; it only becomes concrete upon their death. A document signed now, purporting to give it up, is renouncing something that is still a future legitime, which the law refuses to let compulsory heirs bargain away in advance.
You retain the right to claim your legitime later
The same article confirms what follows from the void renunciation: the latter may claim the same upon the death of the former. Because the document you signed is void, it does not strip you of your right to your legitime. When your parents eventually pass away, you remain entitled to claim your compulsory share of the estate as though the renunciation had never been signed, since a void document produces no legal effect regardless of how firmly you were convinced to sign it.
Why the law protects heirs from renouncing a future legitime
The legitime exists specifically to protect compulsory heirs from being disinherited or shortchanged, and allowing that protection to be signed away years or decades before it matures, often under family pressure or without a full appreciation of what is being given up, would undermine the very purpose of a forced share. By declaring such renunciations void outright, the law removes the incentive for anyone to pressure a future heir into giving up rights they cannot yet fully understand or value.
What you must account for if you received something in exchange
The article does attach one condition to your continuing right: but they must bring to collation whatever they may have received by virtue of the renunciation or compromise. If your parents gave you something in exchange for signing that document, you will need to bring that benefit into collation when the estate is eventually settled, meaning it gets accounted for against your share rather than kept entirely separate on top of your legitime.