Short answer. Yes, in threat cases. Article 284 of the Revised Penal Code allows the person making the threats to be required to give bail not to molest the person threatened, and if he fails to give such bail, he is sentenced to destierro. It is imposed alongside the penalty for the threat itself.
What the law says
the person making the threats may also be required to give bail not to molest the person threatened, or if he shall fail to give such bail, he shall be sentenced to destierro
Revised Penal Code, Article 284 — Bond For Good Behavior. Read the full provision →
A bond for good behavior in threat cases
The law recognizes that punishing a threat does not, by itself, reassure the victim that it will not be repeated. So it provides an additional, forward-looking measure. In the threat offenses this article covers, the person making the threats may also be required to give bail not to molest the person threatened. This is a bond for good behavior: a security the offender puts up as a guarantee that he will leave the threatened person alone going forward. It looks to future conduct rather than merely to the past act, aiming to protect the victim from continued harassment.
The consequence of refusing to post it
The measure has teeth. The article continues that if he shall fail to give such bail, he shall be sentenced to destierro. Destierro is a penalty of banishment: the offender is ordered to stay away from a specified area, in effect keeping him at a distance from the person he threatened. So the choice presented is real. Either the offender posts the bond guaranteeing he will not molest the victim, or, failing that, he is removed from the victim's vicinity by being sentenced to destierro. Both routes serve the same purpose of keeping the threatened person safe.
It applies to the threat offenses, and is additional
This bond is not a stand-alone remedy a person can ask for in any dispute. The article ties it to the threat offenses dealt with in the immediately preceding provisions of the Code, meaning it accompanies a prosecution for making such threats. The word also signals that the bond is on top of the penalty for the threat itself, not a substitute for it. In other words, an offender may be penalized for the threat and, in addition, required to post the bond for the victim's future protection, with destierro as the fallback if he will not.
What this means if you were threatened
If someone has threatened you, this provision is a reason to pursue the matter through the proper criminal process rather than to settle for a promise. Keep evidence of the threat, such as messages, recordings, or the accounts of any witnesses, since the bond arises within a case over the threat itself. Bear in mind the measure operates through the court that hears the case; it is not something you impose on the other person yourself. Handled properly, it gives you a court-backed assurance of good behavior, with a real penalty attached if the offender refuses to give it.