Text of the provision

Sec. 5. Defenses. — Defenses may either be negative or affirmative. (a) A negative defense is the specific denial of the material fact or facts alleged in the pleading of the claimant essential to his or her cause or causes of action. (b) An affirmative defense is an allegation of a new matter which, while hypothetically admitting the material allegations in the pleading of the claimant, would nevertheless prevent or bar recovery by him or her. The affirmative defenses include fraud, statute of limitations, release, payment, illegality, statute of frauds, estoppel, former recovery, discharge in bankruptcy, and any other matter by way of confession and avoidance. Affirmative defenses may also include grounds for the dismissal of a complaint, specifically, that the court has no jurisdiction over the subject matter, that there is another action pending between the same parties for the same cause, or that the action is barred by a prior judgment.

2019 Rules of Civil Procedure (A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC), Rule 6, Section 5. Reproduced verbatim and verified word-for-word against the Supreme Court's official text and the ChanRobles rendering.

About this section

This is Section 5 of Rule 6 (Kinds Of Pleadings) of the 2019 Rules of Civil Procedure, the rules promulgated by the Supreme Court in A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC and in force since May 1, 2020. The text above is reproduced verbatim from the current rules.

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Note. The text above is reproduced in full from the 2019 Rules of Civil Procedure (A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC), verified against the Supreme Court's official publication and the ChanRobles rendering. The framing around it is general legal information, not legal advice. How a rule applies to a particular case depends on facts that only a lawyer reviewing your matter can assess.